NMNH a potent NAD+ precursor : More Effective

 

What is NMNH?

NMNH stands for "Reduced Nicotinamide Mononucleotide," which is the reduced form of NMN. NMNH has the chemical formula C11H17N2O8P. Molecular weight is 336.23 g/mol, and its CAS number is 108347-85-9. It is a yellow amorphous powder.

NAD+ is one of the most widely studied anti-ageing compounds. Scientists have identified and utilised numerous NAD+ precursors, including NA, NAM, NR, and NMN. Among these, NMN is regarded as the most appropriate NAD+ precursor.

However, the article "Reduced Nicotinamide Mononucleotide is a New Effective NAD+ Precursor in Mammalian Cells and Mice" was published in the journal "FASEB J", and researchers discovered a new type of NAD+ supplements, the precursor NMNH, and its anti-ageing capacity inhibits NMN.


Is NMNH more potent than NMN?

The answer to this question is yes(from new research in 2021).


According to the study of Zapata-Pérez et al., NMNH is potent NAD+ precursor than NMN when treated in cultured cells, as it "substantially increased NAD+ at a tenfold lower concentration (5 µM) than that required for NMN." In addition, NMNH is more successful than NMN, as at 500 µM concentration, it produced "a nearly 10-fold rise in NAD+ concentration," but NMN was only able to double NAD+ content in these cells at one mM concentration.


Interestingly, NMNH appears to have a faster onset of action and a longer duration of action than NMN. According to the authors, NMNH generates a "significant increase in NAD+ levels within 15 minutes," and "NAD+ steadily increased for up to 6 hours and remained steady for 24 hours, while NMN plateaued after just 1 hour, most likely because the NMN recycling pathways to NAD+ were already saturated."


Abstract

Age-related illnesses and decreased cellular NAD+ levels are causally related. The ability of oxidised NAD+ precursors such as nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and nicotinamide riboside (NR) to replenish NAD+ levels in model organisms has attracted a lot of interest and has been well explored. Less is known about the ability of decreased NAD+ precursors to raise tissue and cellular NAD+ levels effectively and to affect cellular functions differently from NMN or NR. Dihydronicotinamide mononucleotide (NMNH), the reduced form of nicotinamide (NMN), can be created chemically and is used in the current investigation.  They had shown that, through the action of nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase, NMNH was a superior NAD+ enhancer to NMN both in vitro and in vivo (NMNAT).


In cells and mice livers, NMNH increased the decreased NAD (NADH) levels. According to metabolomic studies, the TCA cycle and glycolysis were both hindered by NMNH. It was shown through in vitro research that NMNH caused cell cycle arrest and reduced cell proliferation. However, there was no discernible difference in mouse weight following NMNH administration. Together, their studies show that NMNH is a potent NAD+ precursor and inhibits cell proliferation, glycolysis, and the TCA cycle.

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